Mechanical Engineering

 Benefits of Standardization  (1) Technical advantage:. Consistent Quality Interchangeability of parts, resulting in availability, economy etc Reliability due to the use of standardized designs and parts Universal language such as international standards which are understood across the globe, facilitating globalization of trade and business  (2) Business process deliverables: Unfailing delivery  Competitive  cost  Highest level of productivity Faster response to customer requirements Lesser dependence on individual talents while promoting system-driven performance by everyone.

 How to achieve 100% conformance or Zero non - conformance status?   Here are some steps which can be successfully adopted to achieve zero status on non - conformance.  (1) Standard operating procedures (SOP):  Make SOPs simple and easy to follow.  Use flow charts to explain the steps.  Use local language to clarify the activities required.  As far as possible, use pictures and drawings to convey the requirements.  Lesser the words used, the better.  Pictures get etched in the mind and are retained for a longer period of time.  Use SOPs to communicate, educate and train.  Involve users in the preparation of SOP.  Form teams for this purpose.  If we do so, then SOPs will become user-friendly and will be followed voluntarily. According to Professor Yasutoshi Washio , the widespread weakness of Indian industries is the absence of effective usage of Standards.  Professor Washio feels that the Standards in India, in g...

 How to do Standardization in TQM? 1) Approach  Prepare the standard to reflect the best practice Communicate the standard to all the stakeholders.  Explain the what of the standard Educate the core team about the standard by clearly explaining the what and why of the standard Train the actual doer/user Here, train the user on what, why, and how of the standard Conform to Standards (by the users  )  Check for abnormalities Eliminate causes of abnormalities to bring the process back to its original condition. 2) PDCA and Communication Do PDCA and rotate to deliver consistent quality 3) Standardization and FMEA  The tool, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) can be effectively used to arrive at Control Points for SOP.  The technique, is the method of identifying possible failures in a process, rank them in order to prioritize and evolve countermeasures to the priority failures.  The whole exercise is done through team working and countermeasures...

 Essentials of Standards  Standards should be easy to understand and easy to follow  Flow charts are the best option for the above purpose  Standards should be prepared by a team and the users should be involved  Standards should contain all the 5W and 1H  They should clearly indicate  the following: What : Subject of the standard and activities involved Why : Objective of the Standard Where : Place / location, etc.  Who • Person responsible for the execution  When : Time of execution (or) time for completing the activities  How : Method - the dos and don'ts, control points, etc.   Others : Revision number, date, authorized by, etc.                                     

The scope of Standardization Standardization is applicable to all activities which are carried out routinely and repeatedly.  These can be broadly classified under two headings:  a) Standardization in the technical domain  b) Standardization of business processes  (a) Standardization in the technical domain:  This covers all activities pertaining to product design, process design, and the quality assurance system.   Standardization of product design ensures interchangeability.  Design rules ensure the reliability of parts.  Engineering drawings, design manuals, handbooks, design guidelines are some of the typical outputs of standardization in the area of ​​product design.   Standardization in process design ensures a consistent way of processing, resulting in the consistent quality of products.  The operating standards, control plans, FMEA are some of the examples of standardization in the area of ​​process design.   ...

 What is Standardization?   Standardization is the effort of achieving consistent performance in routine and repeated activities/processes by following pre-determined rules.  The consistent performance is achieved by adhering to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).  Such SOPs are the key to the process approach of TQM. Such a process approach with pre-determined rules ensures an effective way of carrying out an activity.  It will reduce not only the time required to plan and communicate but also eliminate omissions, mistakes, etc.  Thus standardization makes the work and process more reliable.  All the problems we face in the industry and our society are traceable to variations in performance.  The variations can be controlled by adopting effective methods which are governed by a set of rules and norms.  These rules are the Standards.  The adoption of and adherence to such rules and norms are called Standardization If we desire con...